【肉身計畫－異植—張辰申個展】
Incarnation Project- Xenotransplantation by Chen-Shen Chang
展覽日期 Date｜2022/1/15 (Sat.) -2022/2/27 (Sun.)
開幕茶會 Opening｜2022/1/16 (Sun.) 15:00
座談時間 Forum｜2022/1/16 (Sun.) 15:30-17:30
與談人Guest｜沈伯丞 Bo-Cheng Shen
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異種移植（xenotransplantation），也就是從一種物種身上，將組織或器官移植到另一種物種身上。此作品是回應美國科學家今年在一位腎臟病患者身上成功移植了豬的腎並運作良好，我將其延續並討論其背後的文化、宗教、人類文明、歷史等等之未來精神性想像。事實上，將動物器官移植到人類身體其歷史可以追溯至 17世紀，當時人們試著用動物血輸血，但始終沒有成功。當今醫學目前人工瓣膜中主要就是由豬的心臟瓣膜製成，抗凝血的肝素（heparin）也是從豬腸中萃取出來的，而豬皮也能應用在燒燙傷皮膚移植的治療上。基因改造豬的器官未來是否能廣泛運用於人體，不論是在修復皮膚或是將其納入移植器官的選項，將視為一項具有潛力的重大醫學突破，從醫療美學燒燙傷最終或許有助於解決人類器官及延續生命的問題，究竟我們會將動物定位在屬於醫療器材，還是食物或是大自然資源的一部份？人類與科學發展彷彿是某種類似神話般的工具，未來可以藉由這樣的工具去解構自然、生物和身體，達到控制的目的。解剖學或醫學若以現代科學的角度來看它就僅僅是實物教學和臨床應用，但從文明裡長期建構出來的美學、科學、哲學、宗教、醫學、心靈與身體的脈絡去看，它反映了人類渴求靈性昇華的動機，也提醒我們科學方法從來就不是真正的中立，科學飛速發展進步之下讓我們看到人類慾望交織的最大能量與力道。也許有朝一日每個人都可以面對自己重組或改造身體的命運，個人對身體的責任及精神歸屬，人與人之間的DNA重塑這些腳色的分配與社會結構，該如何感受不同於之前生命的角度未來或許能展開新的討論。

肉身計畫作品系列這個名稱概念比較像是超越精神回歸的一種生命本質狀態，這一系列作品從討論人類行為科學、嘗試仿科學的方法去進行創作、身體的邊緣性、BDSM人體改造、人類情慾解構、解剖劇場、醫學運用在美學及應用上這些概念。醫學知識滲透在公共想像中，身體也可以通過這些技術進行重塑與重組並累積科學技術與知識，想控制身體的慾望讓醫學整形產業蓬勃發展，性別化的身體也可以量身訂做，醫療已經不單單是以治療為目的，它還包含了身體基因管理與工程。社會文化現象就是原來隱而不顯，但卻長期暴露公開在我們生活中的東西，醫學曾經也是由巫術昇華淨化而來，方法與形式及其功能上都與宗教類似。醫學是尋求科學方法介入，儘管科技進步現代知識發達，我們還是會被古老的議題所吸引，靈性與超自然並不是無稽之談，創造性從許多心領神會的文化和感受與需求當中產出，我們渴望掌控自我的身體，渴望超越與昇華如同人體改造般建立的烏托邦夢想。雖然藝術它反映出來的往往是現實生活中的面貌，但過於強調藝術與社會反省和意義，有時候會讓藝術的語言變得僵化、混亂、模糊。我希望透過身體官能、一些行為，用實驗的方法去研究藝術與科學的關係。技術的身體、受傷的身體、美的身體、苦難的身體、改造的身體，在當代藝術的視覺語言上，身體已經不再只是單純展示或表演的工具，身體成為了行動的表述。身體變成了藝術行為，無論是攝影、電影、錄像等等作品中都可看到這樣的概念，行為與觀念藝術家讓自身變成了作品或標籤，必須同時處裡社會與藝術的問題，這種社會機制下的思考與採集資料的方式，利用感知與視覺及觀念的方法再反思一遍行為或行動藝術身體的多重身份，還有我們該如何用視覺的方法觀看身體的作品。
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【關於藝術家張辰申】
2021 國防醫學院 生物細胞與解剖所 解剖學組
2021 國立台北藝術大學美術系碩士
2015東海大學美術系學士
2008復興商工美工科畢業
2016~2021 復興商工美工科教師
【個展】
2021「肉身計畫－Anatomical Theatre」，非常廟藝文空間，臺北
【聯展】
2021「Younger Than Buddha—世代切片」双方藝廊
2020「禽獸不如」臺灣美術雙年展，國立臺灣美術館，臺中，臺灣
2020「變態路徑」臺灣美術雙年展－平行展，酸屋替代空間
2020「高雄獎」，高雄市立美術館，高雄
2019「抽身 Free Up」，地下美術館，國立臺北藝術大學
2019「臺灣當代一年展」，花博爭豔館，臺北
2019「整船•過河•漫波漫波」，淡水海關碼頭園區 C 棟倉庫
2019「整船的咱」，大舟造船廠
2017「開房間」，臺北晶華酒店
主辦單位：絕對空間
空間營運贊助：國藝會
展覽贊助：臺南市政府文化局
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Xenotransplantation is the procedure of transplanting cells, tissues or organs from one species to another. This year, an American scientist has successfully transplanted the kidney of a pig to a patient with a malfunctioned kidney. This artwork is a response to the surgical event. I shall also extend the discussion to the cultural, religious, civilizational, and historical factors behind the incident, and address issues regarding the psychological identities in our imagination. In fact, the history of transplanting animal organs into humans can be traced back to the 17th century. Back then, people had tried transfusing animal blood into humans, but it never quite worked. After centuries of scientific development, today’s artificial heart valves are mainly made of the heart valves of pigs, as pig intestines have also become the source for obtaining anticoagulant heparin. Other than that, pig skin is applied to burned skin transplants as well. Can the organs of genetic modified pigs be employed to a wider range of animal-to-human transplantation? The question is not only a matter of potential medical breakthrough. Indeed, successful applications may provide a new plastic surgery option for burns; along with other novel options of organ transplantation, the innovation will save and extend countless lives. However, we still need to define whether animals are to be seen as some sort of medical material, food, or a part of the natural resource to be plundered. The scientific development invented by humans is like some sort of mythical artifact that deconstructs nature, the human body, and all living beings to meet its manipulative purposes. In terms of modern science, anatomy and medical science may simply be object lessons and clinical applications; however, they also reflect humans’ craving for spiritual transcendence as we look into their aesthetic, scientific, philosophical, medical, spiritual, and physiological dimensions in human civilization. This is a reminder that scientific measures are never neutral. Under rapid science developments, we are witnessing the fullest force of human desires. Perhaps one day, everyone will be able to reconstruct their own body inside out. In the future, it’s very likely that people will probe into new discussions concerning individual responsibility towards one’s own body and spiritual attributions, or even review the distribution and social structure of those with reconstructed DNAs.
The concept of the title “Incarnation Project” is more like a psychological transcendence that brings life back to its essence. The series goes from discussing behavioral science to the art attempts demonstrated through pseudoscientific means, the marginalized body, the body modifications in BDSM, deconstruction of human desire, the anatomical theater, and medical science. The knowledge of medical science is permeating the imagination of the public. Through these
technologies, we can also reform and reconstruct our bodies as we accumulate scientific knowledge and skills. Medication is no longer limited to the treatments of diseases, but also genetic management and engineering. Social and cultural phenomena are the hidden and the obscured exposed in our everyday life. Once upon a time, medical science had simply been a transcendent and purified version of sorcery that resembles religion both in its means and functions. As medication seeks the intervention of scientific measures, we still find ourselves drawn to the ancient theme with all the technological progress and developments of modern knowledge. Surely, the spiritual and supernatural world is not nonsense. In a way, creativity is the product of mental and spiritual needs for finding attachments to the surrounding culture. We long to control our own bodies, and we crave for the transcendent utopian world that frees our bodies so much that some even choose the path of body modification. Although art often reflects pictures of reality, overemphasizing the link between art and social reflections or symbols will sometimes ossify, disarray, and obscure the art language. I want to study the relationship between art and science through experimental measures of the body faculty and behaviors. No matter it be the mechanical bodies, hurt bodies, beautiful bodies, suffering bodies, or modified bodies, they all reveal that within the visual language of contemporary art, the body is no longer a mere demonstration or means of performance. It is now the expression for actions. It is art in action. This concept is found in photography, movies, and video images. Performance artists and conceptual artists have turned themselves into works and symbols that handle both social and art issues. Under this type of social system, the method of thinking and collecting information has been utilizing visions and other senses to reflect and ponder the multiple identities of the body within performance art, and challenges the audience to understand works concerning the body through a visual measure.
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【About Chen-Shen Chang】
2021 Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy in National Defense Medical Center
2021 Taipei National University of the Arts
2015 Department of Fine Arts of Tunghai University
2008 Fu-Hsin Trade ＆ Arts School
【SOLO EXHIBITIONS】
2021 Incarnation Project - Anatomical Theatre, VT Artsalon
【GROUP EXHIBITIONS】
2021 Incarnation Project - Surgical Cuts and Stitches Landscape Wounds, Younger Than Buddha, Double Square Gallery
2020 Incarnation Project - Surgery of Muse Implant, Taiwan Biennial“Subzoology”, National Taiwan Museum of Fine Arts
2020 Incarnation Project - Original Desire, Taiwan Biennial Collateral Events “Bian Tai Routes”, Acid House
2020 Incarnation Project - Surgery of Muse Implant, Kaohsiung Award, The Kaohsiung Museum of Fine Arts (KMFA)
2019 Incarnation Project - Surgery of Muse Implant, “Free Up”, TNUA Underground Experimental Field, New Taipei, Taiwan
2019 Incarnation Project - Surgery of Muse Implant, Taiwan Annual, Taipei Expo Park
2019 Swung Dash, Tamsui History Museum C Warehouse, New Taipei, Taiwan
2019 A Journey Begins, TC Yachts, New Taipei, Taiwan
2017 One Night Stay, Regent Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan